America from 1790 to 1845 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

America from 1790 to 1845 - Essay Example The work power comprised of previous slaves who had been liberated, Native Americans and Irish outsiders from New York who had come looking for occupations at a compensation of $12 every month. A thickly forested go in the Appalachian mountains was sliced through utilizing instruments like the hatchet and the scoop. The designers and laborers built locks, and by-passed cascades. After the channel was opened for traffic, numerous urban areas jumped up on its banks. It encouraged exchange between the East and the West. The youthful country turned into a well weave country on account of the waterway According to the author,.if the trench had not been worked during that time, the western conditions of the United States may have shaped a different country. The account of the Erie channel is motivating, and the designers and laborers who accomplished it notwithstanding numerous hardships are excellent. I don't concur with the creator that the West would have become a different country if the waterway had not been worked around then.

Why Does Tommo Believe He Lives in Charlies Glow Essay Sample free essay sample

Over the previous month I have been perusing and dissecting the book private tranquil by Michael morpurgo. It’s a story about a youthful male kid called Tommo who has a more established sibling Charlie a companion huge Joe and their female parent. Tommo admires Charlie. they ever pay special mind to one another. Tommo found a closest companion at school called molly and both Charlie and Tommo in a matter of seconds became hopelessly enamored with her. Later on in the book molly brings forth a darling miss whose male parent is Charlie and Tommo needs to permit out a mystery that has been kept since his male parent despondently went off. In my article I will make about how Tommo and Charlie’s connections modification during the story. First I am heading out to think about Charlie and tommos relationship while they were at school. Tommo admires Charlie on the grounds that Charlie ever pays special mind to Tommo one representation of this is the point at which they were in the school pace Tommo got in a fight and Charlie dominated and for his punishment him and jemmy pearsons got the stick jemmy continued yelling â€Å"Ow. We will compose a custom article test on For what reason Does Tommo Believe He Lives in Charlies Glow? Article Sample or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page sir! Ow. sir! Ow. Sir! † yet when it was chalies turn all we hear â€Å"are the whacks. thus the hushes between†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ this is one of the grounds why I have â€Å"the most courageous sibling known to man. † When Tommo premier met molly he and molly had an extremely solid relationship they despite everything did when Charlie got agreeable with her yet as molly was two mature ages more established than him and Charlie was more established by three â€Å"they ever ran quicker than I. † And in some cases I felt like â€Å"they needed to be without me†¦ I was encountering enduring and abandoned† in the blink of an eye this all deteriorated when Tommo discovers Charlie was involved with molly. â€Å"I was so loaded up with choler and sharpness towards him that I neer needed to converse with him again. nor to molly end up like that. † Tommo at this point is likely accepting what might Charlie so that to me? The one chap I admire I can non swear any more extended he realizes I love molly so for what reason did he make this? When Tommo and Charlie both did battle they in the blink of an eye drew nearer and closer. Tommo got drained simple his â€Å"head was swimming. I was reeling now. non running and grain ready to look after vertical. My dorsum was ablaze with harming. † Of class as more seasoned siblings do Charlie began yelling at Charlie and began expressing things like leave Tommo totally he can’t March with a rifle over his caput he can barely walk. Charlie got the punishment he was under dread. When Tommo walked off he sang delicately to himself â€Å"what a companion I have in Charlie. † At the terminal of the new Charlie was making a trip to travel secure shot by the shoot crew for cowardness as he wouldn't go to the channels with every other person since his sibling hurt himself. Tommo was singing oranges and lemons with Charlie as he got shot. As they left that dull they all said something very similar â€Å"bye Charlie. † He will be miserably missed by everybody. Tommo needs to populate in Charlie’s newness rather than his shadow in light of the fact that a shadow chases after you everyplace and he doesn’t want to be known as the male youngster whos simply companion is his more seasoned sibling he needs to resemble Charlie however he needs individuals to admire him as he did to Charlie. By and large I think Tommo and Charlie have a solid relationship and really love each other no issue what occurs. They began cherishing one another and thatà ¢â‚¬â„¢s how it finished. Actually I think it’s genuine that Charlie lives in Charlie’s newness since now he’s the 1 who made a guarantee to Charlie to take care of molly. huge Joe and Dendranthema grandifloruoms so they will admire him like everybody did to Charlie.

Epidemiological Analysis Of Infectious Disease Term Paper

Epidemiological Analysis Of Infectious Disease Term Paper Epidemiological Analysis Of Infectious Disease â€" Term Paper Example > Epidemiological Analysis of InfluenzaIntroduction: Influenza is referred by medics professionals as flu (Jonathan, 2006). Influenza is an infectious disease (Kawaoka, 2006) caused mostly by RNA viruses, which affect mammals and birds (Lynch Walsh, 2007). The common symptoms of the influenza include sore throat, fever, muscle pains, chills, weakness/fatigue, and general discomfort (Kawaoka, 2006). The most frequent among these symptoms include Sore throat, fever and coughs. In extraneous levels, the disease is a major cause of pneumonia, which results into fatal complications. This is more particularly to the children and the elderly (Lynch Walsh, 2007). This paper provides an analysis of Influenza as an infectious disease. It gives an epidemiological analysis of the disease and derives the impact the respective analysis has had on organizations as well as health providers. Influenza Research StatusMany conditions are confused to be influenza including influenza-like illnesses as the case of a common cold. This has had a major impact on healthcare provision as well as organizations operations calling for more research to clarify the issue (Mack, 2005). Following the analysis, a research was instituted by organizations on influenza including main studies on molecular virology (Lynch Walsh, 2007). The research objective was to verify how the influenza virus produces the disease, that is, pathogenesis, viral genomics, host immune responses (Mack, 2005), and how the disease spreads, (Kawaoka, 2006). These studies have been of great help in the development of the disease countermeasures to develop knowledge on the perfect response of the human body's immune system to influenza helping in the development of the right vaccine. Genome Project that concentrated on Influenza (Jonathan, 2006) is a part of the basic research programs conducted by the organization as an approach to discover the way forward for restraining the virus. It created a library of the virus sequences and clarified some of the factors that contributed to the worsening of the infectious virus (Kawaoka, 2006). Transmission of InfluenzaFrom researches conducted globally, the most established and common influenza transmission is through the air (Jonathan, 2006) mostly when terminated by sneezes and coughs. The respective means of transmission create aerosols that contain the influenza viruses. Influenza transmission can also happen through droppings mostly from infected birds or sometimes-through human nasal secretions (Kawaoka, 2006). Another major cause is from touching contaminated surfaces and not adhering to proper washing of hands (Jonathan, 2006). Airborne aerosols are the major transmission means of the infectious disease and are the high rated means of transmitting the disease. Consequently, the aerosols are the means of transmission that are not understood clearly up to date. Healthcare providers have had a rough time in dealing with patients without a clear pers pective of what they suffer from. There has been a global outcry of doctors dying after an infection of the virus from patients making it complicated on the ethical considerations in the field of healthcare provision. The outcry has brought to light some of the resurgent complains from various departments of healthcare on the safety of the healthcare providers in their process of handling Influenza virus cases and its outcomes when coming into contact with patients (Jonathan, 2006).

Essay on French Revolution and the Creation of the...

The French Revolution and the creation of the National Assembly Introduction The French Revolution was a critical era in the history of France and Europe that radically transformed the social and political aspects of the nation from the ancient monarchy system of government and feudal system, to the introduction of democracy. The French people drew their motivation from the American people who had already achieved the democratic institutions. As such, the Enlightenment age compelled individuals to fight against social and political injustices perpetrated by the reigning king of the time. Before the revolution, the nation had three divisions. The divisions comprised of the Clergy, the Nobility and the Commoner, with little representation of†¦show more content†¦The king’s wife, Marie Antoinette was infamous for leading an extravagant life (Barnes 508). This meant additional in taxation to the people. The king also proved to be ineffective and cruel, and could not solve the predicaments of the people. The king faced criticism from his subjects a nd hence the rise of the opposition. The segregation of people into the three groups also served as a significant compelling factor to the revolution. The Nobles and the Clergy represented only 3 percent of the population and were the people with the largest representation within the governing institutions (Neely 70). The commoners, despite being the majority, received little representation in the government, and this created an imbalance within the people. Impacts and achievements of the French Revolution – the National Assembly The French Revolution had significant achievements, despite the widespread property and life loss. The revolution sought to bring balance among the three groups of people within the nation. The uniting factor at the time was the national assembly and the constitution. The national assembly and the constitution significantly reduced the distinct gap between the three groups, and tried to unify the political, economic and social disparities among the groups (Neely 69). The unification of the three groups, though not fully, aided significantly inShow MoreRelatedThe French Revolution And The American Revolution843 Words   |  4 PagesThe French Revolution: The event that led to the transformation of the globe into the world we know it as today. One of the most revolutionary events in human history was started by a group of individuals sitting in the Palace of Versailles who decided that enough was enough and that the only answer to the injustices of the ruling regime was Revolution. These people eventually became known as the National Constituent Assembly, or, colloquially, the National Assembly. Over the course of two yearsRead MoreNo One Factor Was Directly Responsible For The French Revolution1116 Words   |  5 PagesNo one factor was directly responsible for the French Revolution. Years of feudal oppression and fiscal mismanagement contributed to a French society that was ripe for revolt. The economical downturn may have been the kickstarter that began the revolution as the taxes rose higher and outrage at the crown heightened. The economy began to destabilise in the late 1700s, and the king decided to bring in financial advisers to look at the weakened French treasurey. Each adviser gave the king the sameRead MoreHow Did The French Revolution Change Frances Form Of Government?1716 Words   |  7 PagesJacob Palomo The French revolution How Did The French Revolution Change Frances Form Of Government? The French. revolution was huge turning point in history of the country France it marked a change from the feudal system France used prior and the over throwing of a monarch during this time Frances economy, government, and rule changed in the way the people decided to change it to. The French revolution first starting in modern European history at 1789 and ending a year later in 1790, it was aRead MoreTheory of Modernity Essay928 Words   |  4 Pages economic freedom, professional excellence, autonomy, civil society and legal state. The French Revolution - perhaps the most powerful shock of the XVIII century - changed the face of France, giving it a modern character. It profoundly affected the fate of many nations: those who were really affected by it, and those that only from a distance watched the scene. The French Revolution was born out of a break deep feudal-absolutist system. 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Despite the blatant betrayal of the beliefs of the Enlightenment by the Committee of Public Safety, the inspiration driving the National Assembly and Napoleonic era were the original ideas of the great minds of the Enlightenment era. During its reign, the Committee of Public Safety, born of the National Convention, abused its power in manyRead MoreFrench Revolution vs American Revolution1534 Words   |  7 PagesEssay 2/26/13 CC Essay French and American Revolution Both the American and French revolutions were focused on liberty and equality. America was trying to gain freedom from the rules, unfair taxation, War debt, and lack of representation from the British. The French Revolution on the other hand wanted to abolish the French monarchy and create a better government in which people could have more of a say in society, and also had similar causes as the American Revolution. They were similar inRead MoreAp Euro Chapter 191602 Words   |  7 PagesChapter 19- French Revolution 1) Describe the 3 estates of France. Who paid the taxes? Who held the wealth and power in France? The first estate was the top 1% of population which is the government, church, and clergy men. They experienced special privileges and paid no taxes. The Second Estate is made up of the 2% of population and included nobility. They experienced special privileges and were taxed lightly. The Third Estate was made p of the common population. They included lawyersRead MoreThe French Revolution During The 19th Century Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the beginning of history there have been major political, economic, cultural and social revolutions. The people wanted change and brought about revolt against their government. The revolution instigated the act of liberty and equality for all people and generated fair living standards and/or social classes and treatment. This prompted expansions of political forces including but not limited to the democracy and nationalism. Questioning the authority of kings, priests and nobles it providedRead MoreToward the Terror1257 Words   |  6 PagesThe French Revolution began in 1789 aiming to transform France into a more liberal, equal society ruled by a constitutional monarchy. Yet by 1793 it had generated something else entirely— a system of repression and violence referred to as the Terror. While some insist that t he Revolution’s culmination at this point was inevitable, others assert that key events between 1789 and 1793 set the Revolution on this particular trajectory. Siding with the latter, I argue that King Louis XVI’s attempted flight

What is Just is Not Always Right - 740 Words

Every day of every year, people walk about the earth with differing moral standards, making it difficult for society to set a predetermined definition of right and wrong; what may seem right to one person, may seem wrong to another, causing each person to confront injustices in different ways. Therefore, an individual has the role of preventing or supporting an injustice depending on whether his or her morals consider it one. Morals, which some people obtain by stepping into another persons shoes, will identify the injustice. Every moral of each person will put a different value, and a different importance on each wrongdoing, fault, or offense. The differences in individuals will cause a persons role in confronting injustice to change based on his or her definition of morals. Society is, in part, composed of people who inflict injustices on those who are weaker and vulnerable. The antagonists try to shove the susceptible away and rid themselves of the troublesome presence (Ascher 36) . Most people would view this discrimination as an injustice, but some could argue that weaker individuals brought this injustice upon themselves. Another concept to consider is, that those who are wronged may have committed an error, or their surroundings could have influenced their downfall. For example, a farmer may not receive a crop yield sufficient enough to pay a loan and default on that loan. The bank then runs the farmer and his family off the land, leaving them out on the streetsShow MoreRelated Absolute Power Does NOT Corrupt Absolutely Essay840 Words   |  4 Pagescorrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men. This means that giving a person some power can turn them into a bad person. However, giving someone absolute power will always corrupt some and that these people are always bad. Knowing what the quote means the question remains, is the quote true? The answer is no. Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost alw ays bad men. This is because nothing is always anything, a person’s bad deeds can be outdoneRead MoreWho I Am . To Me, The Definition Of Ethics Is Knowing Right1599 Words   |  7 PagesWho I am To me, the definition of ethics is knowing right from wrong. Growing up my parents have always told me to always know right from wrong. But, sometimes in ethics, there can be a law that is legal but it does not make it ethical. And vice versus. For an example a car dealer could advertise a car with low mileage for a low price, but the catch is you have to have outstanding credit. The car dealer could be lying to you, that could be unethical, but it is not a law. It could also be ethicalRead MoreXbox Vs. Xbox Systems1081 Words   |  5 PagesThe Xbox systems have always been my favorite consoles, since my first one I started to prefer them over the others. All of the other consoles that I have tried I have ended up having multiple problems with and get frustrated trying to fix them because I don’t have the extra spending money to buy new ones. PlayStation consoles are what I used prior to discovering the Xbox. One of the biggest problems I always found with these consoles is how delicate they are. They have always been made with thinnersRead MoreA Critique Of Hedonism And Utilitarianism1418 Words   |  6 Pagesand utilitarianism. (and answer the question of what makes something good or bad) Humans cannot be truly objective when it comes to morality. In theory, morality is supposed to be unbiased, but when it is put into the hands of humans, there is always going to be errors. Naturally, people pursue their self-interest without thinking much about if it is morally right or wrong. However, I do believe that God has given us a set of laws as to what is right or wrong without being bias over it, but we canRead MoreThe Real Heroine in the book, In the Time of Butterflies by Julia Alvarez629 Words   |  3 PagesHeroine Do you always stand up for what you believe in? Minerva and all of the Mirabal sisters stand up for what they believe in is right, but Minerva stands up for what she believes in throughout all of her life, not just a specific time. Minerva is the biggest heroine out of all of the Mirabal sisters. Minerva wants to go to law school, therefore she asks Trujillo for his permission to go to law school. Minerva starts liking a young man, mostly because he stands up for what he believes inRead MoreThe Universal Declaration Of Human Rights1664 Words   |  7 Pagesare relative to particular cultures, that does not mean that there are no rights that belong to everyone, nor does it mean that just because an activity is practiced that it is morally justifiable. 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Sun Tzu Strategic Management Free Essays

Sun Assignment 2. Strategic Management . School of Strategy. We will write a custom essay sample on Sun Tzu Strategic Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to Synder and Neil H. (1982) in their journal called ‘Strategic Management Journal’ , The school of strategy definition of strategic planning that are offered by Henry Mintzberg in 1981 concludes that strategic planning is a process involving all components of planning that integrated decision making, structured procedure with articulate results, and specific tactical objectives that should be seen as a whole process. In the school of strategy, there are 10 school of thought, it is divided into two parts which are prescriptive and descriptive. The details of the strategy are shown below. Prescriptive schools : consist of 3 schools which are Design, Planning and Positioning. Descriptive schools : consist of 7 schools which are Entrepreneurial, Cognitive, Learning, Power, Cultural, Environmental and Configuration. Also, Written in article called â€Å" An Overview of Strategy Development Models and the Ward-RIvani Model’ by Dr. David Ward (2005). In year 1977 another guy came along which a set of strategy alongside Mitzberg that called Whittington. He claimed that there are four criteria that will determine a strategy success which are Deterministic or Emergent, Single Goal or Pluralistic, Strategy Style, and Influences. The Link between Prescriptive schools and Descriptive schools. From what i understand from both of this schools, prescriptive schools are the first step of strategy that needed to be done If we would like to do something. For example, If you want to open your own business, the first step would be the prescriptive school where you need to design what kind of business you would like to do, plan how to do your business (business plan) nd also how you position your business(where do you want your business to be). In the other hand , Descriptive schools of strategies are the strategies and skills that are needed to bring forward you prescriptive schools . Where all components of this strategy can effect your business. For example, any successful business need to have a leader who can lead the organization forward wh ere what has been designed, plan , and positioned and to be a leader, strategy as entrepreneurship is essential. The Differences between Prescriptive schools and Descriptive schools. In Prescriptive schools, design and planning are the aim of a company â€Å" to fit organizational capability with environmental ability and to best allocate resources to achieve any chosen goals within a specific timeframe† and to make the aim a success, a proper positioning strategy needed to be done. All of theses examples often using strategies such as environmental analysis such as SWOT analysis (design), forecasting (planning), Market segment five forces (positioning). Therefore, we would understand here that prescriptive schools are used to understand more about the market. For instance, in strategic management, prescriptive schools are often used to determine who is your target market, understanding your competitors, defining your opportunities, and also what kind of strategy that our company would like to execute properly to gain competitive advantage especially if you are doing business globally or growing your business internationally. In the other hand, Descriptive Schools are more of all the things that needed to be in order within a company or organisation to execute the strategy that has been choose. For example, even with a proper planning but without a proper team to execute it, it will be hard for any business to sustain even in the early stage while making business. Its consist of leader needed, networking we have, culture reflects , economic cycle, environmental circumtances, ethics , and also cognitive psychology. Which means that, in descriptive schools , it is all the components that a company or firm need to have in order to execute any strategy perfectly. How to Profeciently Execute any strategy when we already understand about the schools of strategy? In the world business nowadays, understanding the theoretical area of a strategy such as schools of strategy would not be enough to execute a perfect strategy. As had been stated by Gamble and Arthur (2009) in their book called ‘ Essentials of Strategic Management’ , They have stated that there are three elements that needed to be have in order to execute any strategy. The elements are shown below : Human Capital – Intangible assets such as skills, knowledge, and values that are required by the strategy. . Information Capital – Intangible assets such as the systems, databases, and networks that support the strategy. 3. Organizational Capital – Strategy supportive intangible assets such as leadership, alignment of goals, and teamwork. Whittington’s Classification of Strategic Perspective. According to Whittington(2002), in his book called ‘ What is Strategy and Does it Matter’ , increasing profits is the highest goal of business an d rational planning needed if we want to attain it. Meanwhile, the strategic aim in business would be earning a return on capital, and if in any particular case the return in the long run is not enough, the deficiency should be corrected or the activity should be abandoned. To sum up the idea of whittington : Classical Approach of strategy. – a classical approach to any strategy requires that the manager must be ready and capable of adopting profit maximizing strategies through long term planning. Besides that there are three more example of approach that are shown below : Evolutionaty Approach of strategy. oes not rely on top management skill to plan and act rationally. Instead, it will all depend on the markets which will determine the profit maximization. Also, in evolutionary perspective, the best selected strategy will determine the performance of the company. Processual Approach to strategy. Organizations and markets are wrought with confusion and mess. Therefore, the best Processual method is not strive for the ideal, in stead, it needed to work with the reality offers where micro-political view has implied that firms are not united towards a single goal such as profit. Besides that, it will be up on the number of individuals with different interest and bring them to the organization. The main strategy for this approach is to simplify all the complex processes. Systemic Approach on Strategy. – The theorist for this approach believe that the organization is capable of planning and acting effectively. All the social factors such as family, state, and religion influences the means and ends of a systemic approach and will define what is the suitable behavior for each of their members. In this approach, the organization are not just made up by an individuals but of social groups with interests. For instance, class and professions, nations and states, families and gender can be determine as the systemic variables. Hence, the strategy will depends on the social environment of the firm. Based on four approach on strategy by Whittington, these four theories of action in business will offer us an insight into the motivation behind any companies vision and what are the strategies that the companies would like to implement in order to gain competitive advantage in their market. Reference List : Ward, . (2005). An Overview of Strategy Development Models and the Ward-Rivani Model . . 1 (1), pg12-16. Gamble, Arthur,. (2009). Superior Strategy Execution – Another path of competitive advantage. In: Griffin, L. Essential of Strategic Management. America, New York: McGraw-Hill. pg116-136. Synder, Neil H.. (1982). Research Notes and Communications.. Strategic Management Journa. 3 (3), p265-267. Whittington, Richard (2002). What is Strategy- and Does it Matter?. UK: Thomson Learning. pg29-57. How to cite Sun Tzu Strategic Management, Essay examples

Knowledge Requirements for a Human Resources Manager

Introduction Five years after graduating, I would like to hold the job of Human Resources Manager in one of the top business organisations in the country.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge Requirements for a Human Resources Manager specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A Human Resources Manager (HR manager) plans, directs and coordinates activities of the HR department within an organisation so as to allow it to make maximum use of strategic human resources available (Noe and Winkler 4). In addition, he or she is responsible for effective running of such human resources department functions as employee recruitment and employee compensation. A HR manager also formulates personnel policy as well as ensures compliance by their organisation to corporate and labour laws. Knowledge Requirements for a Human Resources Manager Typically, one requires a degree in nearly any field plus either a postgraduate diploma in Hu man Resources Management, or an MBA in Human Resources Management to qualify as a HR manager. However, those who take a business related bachelor’s degree and who major in human resource management are normally given first preference during selection of HR managers. Work experience is an equally important requirement for one to climb up the human resources management ladder. The formal education should impart the manager with deep knowledge of the following aspects; Management of Human Resources The HR manager should have deep knowledge of principles as well as the procedures involved such process as personnel recruitment, training, and compensation. In addition to these, they should be well informed of personnel information systems and labour relations and negotiation. All of these requirements are sufficiently taught or lectured in introductory as well as advanced human resource management courses which are part of off-the-job management development techniques. The understa nding of them is further enhanced by the learner reading and subsequently attempting to answer HR issues in case studies. Deep Knowledge of the English Language A HR manager is expected to be proficient in both oral and written English.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Coursework and group discussions adequately serve the purpose of enhancing participants’ oral as well as written communication skills. I therefore need to get more involved especially in group discussions to enhance my skills in communication. Customer and Personal Service He or she should be knowledgeable of the principles and processes for providing general as well as personalised customer services; which includes how to achieve satisfactory quality of services, how to conduct an assessment of customer needs, as well as how to carry out an evaluation of customer satisfaction (â€Å"Job descriptionsâ⠂¬  5). The best approach to attain these skills would be through the coaching or guided method of on-the-job-training technique. This way, I would get to experience customer service firsthand and learn customer service etiquette from it. Some off-the-job training techniques such as simulation and role playing would also be helpful in obtaining the above knowledge, but to a lesser extend compared to the guided method. Good Knowledge of General Management as well as Administration A HR manager should be deeply informed about management as well as business tenets involved in such HR functions as HR modelling, distribution of resources, and resources and employee coordination (â€Å"Job Description† 3). Although lectures do impart a significantly large volume of business and management principles, all the above aspects are best learned through the guided/coaching management development methods. Participation in management games, role playing as well as in diagnosing and/or solv ing case study problems also helps in reinforcing in the learner the knowledge pertaining to the aforementioned aspects of HR management. Management or business games would be particularly useful when learning the complicated aspects of human resources management functions as the real life conditions simulated in the exercises are widely dynamic and highly enriching. In addition, these exercises are designed to make use of mathematical models and be played in a computer manipulated environment which serves to sharpen participant’s ability to solve management problems as well as to make HRM decisions in an integrated manner (Laursen and Foss 243). Knowledge of Labour Laws A HR manager should be well versed on the existing labour laws, regulations, court procedures, judicial precedents as well as executive orders, plus how they apply in workplace relations (â€Å"Job Descriptions† 4).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge Requirements for a Hum an Resources Manager specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lectures, case studies, and conferences are adequate activities to enable a HR manager learn significantly wide aspects of legal and regulatory issues pertaining to human resource management. In particular, continued participation in case study exercises would be stimulating as it would give me a chance to demonstrate my analytical thinking as well as allow me to defend my critical and judgmental abilities. Also, active participation in case study exercises allows me to learn how to make critical decisions in the context of limited availability of relevant information for making the all-important decisions. Knowledge of Clerical Operations A human resources manager should have deep understanding of procedures involved in clerical as well as administrative jobs together with systems that help in the management of files and records, such as word processing software (â€Å"Job Descri ptions† 4). On-the-job training, particularly job rotation, is the most appropriate approach to learning clerical operations, although a significant amount of knowledge pertaining to clerical duties can be learned through lectures. Job rotation would enable me break down departmental provincialism and instead make me a considerably informed as well as significantly experienced generalist human resource manager. This way, my abilities and talents would also be tested in other management specialities than human resources management. Education and Training A HR manager must have deep understanding of principles as well as approaches to teaching and instruction, curriculum and training design, and evaluation of the impact of training on employee performance (â€Å"Job Description† 4).. All these can adequately be learned through participation in activities such as lectures and management conferences and seminars. Economics and Accounting It is normally required that a HR ma nager have good understanding of fundamental principles of economics in addition to being well aware of basic principles and practices of the accounting function. Also essential good understanding of the operation of financial markets, plus they should be able to interpret as well to conduct informed analysis of financial data (Noe and Winkler 156). Introductory and intermediate courses in human resources courses considerably cover both accounting and economic principles. Job rotation goes a long way to impart knowledge learned in lectures of these courses.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Psychology Deep understanding of human behaviour in relation to employee performance is also highly desirable in an HR manager. Topics covered in introductory courses in organizational behaviour in addition to on-the-job learning of human behaviour are adequate to impart a considerable level of understanding of individual differences amongst employees with respect to their personality, learning and motivation, as well as differences in their ability to perform. Mathematics A HR manager needs to have good skills in performing computations involving arithmetic, calculus, algebra, statistics, as well as good skills for using computer applications available in the market to assist such in computations; such as SPSS and STRATA softwares. On one hand, the mathematic principles involved in this context can be learned adequately in lectures of introductory human resources courses, such as introduction to management mathematics. On the other hand, knowledge of the working of accompanying sof tware programs can best be learned through job rotation in the actual work environment. Skill Requirements for a Human Resources Manager Active Listening, Problem Sensitivity, and Inductive and Deductive Reasoning A HR manager should be able to give workers and potential workers full attention when engaging in a communication with them. They should also portray good skills for diagnosing underlying problems in work processes as well as foresee potential future problems in work areas; otherwise referred to as problem sensitivity skills (Kumar and Sharma 327). Inductive reasoning skills enables a human resources manager to gather bits of information, analyse them, then form general conclusions, principles or rules in regard to work related issues. Deductive reasoning skills, on the other hand, enable them to solve specific work related problems through utilisation of general principles or rules (â€Å"Job description† 6). Coaching is the most appropriate techniques to have the learner acquire skills for active listening as well as problem sensitivity. Both inductive and deductive reasoning skills, on the other hand, can sufficiently be acquired through participation in management games, case studies, problem simulation, and role play. In addition, the two latter skills can as adequately be acquired in the process of performing the actual job tasks as they can be through off-the-job training. Skills for Management of Personnel A HR manager should possess advanced skills for identifying and selecting the best candidates for available jobs, teaching and instructing workers how to do their duties, directing employees and their work, motivating workers, as well as for creating conducive environment for employee career development. Just like in acquisition of knowledge concerning general administration and management, skills for management of personnel are best acquired through on-the-job training and experience in the actual job. Writing and Reading Comprehens ion A HR manager should possess excellent reading as well as writing skills to enable them communicate effectively in work related written communications (Kumar and Sharma 327). Writing case study reports, general course assignments, as well as actual job experience enhances these skills. Speaking and Negotiation Skills The HR function is one of the busiest and critically important interfaces between the existing as well as potential employees and the organization. For this reason, the HR manager should demonstrate advanced skills in oral communication and a similar level of negotiation skills. Group discussions, personal presentations, role play, management games will enhance my speaking skills. Further, role play and coaching would help sharpen my skills for negotiation. Monitoring Skills It is critically important for an HR manager to demonstrate advanced skills for conducting performance evaluation of not only their organisations, its departments and employees, but also of self (Noe and Winkler 316). This enables them to take corrective measures for purposes of making improvements in areas that require such. Both on-the-job and off-the-job management development techniques are equally appropriate for imparting in a HR manager the necessary skills for conducting performance evaluation. Lectures, conferences and seminars teaches a manager or a trainee manager ideally all relevant theories as well as models regarding ways to conduct a proper employee performance evaluation as well as organisational assessment. On their part, on-the-job training techniques place the learner at the centre of the actual monitoring activities thus making them to learn monitoring activities firsthand, besides enabling them to be exposed to up-to-date developments in the human resources management field regarding employee as well as departmental/organisational performance assessment and evaluation. Other critical skills required in a successful HR manager include; Time management skills and skills for understanding social perceptiveness. In respect to these, a HR manager should demonstrate excellent skills for managing worker’s time in addition to managing their own time (â€Å"Job Description† 6). They should also be aware of the reactions of workers and the social perceptiveness that drive them to react to situations in ways in which they do. Participation in role play and business/management games will enhance my time management skills. On its part, engagement in sensitivity/laboratory/T-group training/group dynamics will enhance my skills for understanding social perceptiveness of existing as well as potential employees since it provides learners with increased sensitivity to their own behaviour, as well as sensitivity to how they [managers] are perceived by their subordinates (Kumar and Sharma 328). Further, this method of management development imparts the learner with deeper knowledge of group processes. In sum, its primary objective is to impart trainees with skills for improving their â€Å"quality in human affairs† (Schein and Bennis 37). Conclusion The job description of a human resources manager specifies the necessary requirements that I must attain in order to realize my vision of holding the post of HR manager five years after my graduation. It is absolutely clear that the position requires deep knowledge of human resources principles as well constant development of HR skills in a trainee manager. As such, it is also clearly emerges that both on-the-job and off-the-job management development techniques are critically essential in nearly equal measures to impart in me the knowledge and skills required in a successful human resources manager. Moreover, considerable practical experience accompanied by exemplary performance in HR management duties assigned to me will also play a critical role in ensuring that I achieve my set target. Works Cited â€Å"Job Description and Jobs for ‘Human Resources Manager’†. 2011. Web. https://job-descriptions.careerplanner.com/Human-Resources-Managers.cfm Kumar, Arun and Rachana Sharma. Personnel Management Theory and Practice. 3rd ed. New Delhi: Atlantic, 2001. Print. Noe, Ray A., and Colin Winkler. Employee training and development: For Australia New Zealand. North Ryde, N.S.W.: McGraw-Hill Australia, 2009. Print. Schein, Edgar H., and Warren G. Bennis. Personnel and Organisational Change through Group Methods: The Laboratory Approach. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1965. Print. Laursen, Keld and Nicolai J. Foss. â€Å"New Human Resources Management Practices, Complementarities and the Impact of Innovation Performance†. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 27 (2003): 243-267. This essay on Knowledge Requirements for a Human Resources Manager was written and submitted by user Aylin Guerra to help you with your own studies. 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